Building a stylish outdoor area using a DIY outdoor canopy is easy. Whether hosting a warm gathering or sunbathing, a good canopy can serve multiple purposes. The inspiration and guidance provided in this article will aid you in constructing a solid outdoor canopy that would fulfill any budgetary requirements with its versatile design ideas. Each section contains detailed material selection and assembly instructions to build your outdoor sanctuary. Get set to redefine how you relax and entertain outside by transforming your living space with the help of an affordable DIY canopy.
How to Choose the Right Outdoor Canopy for Your Backyard

- Size and Space Requirements
After determining the size of the canopy, it is necessary to scope out the entire backyard. Depending on whether you want the canopy to host events, provide shade for the dining area, or shelter a small nook, confirm that it wouldn’t clutter the outdoor part of the house.
- Material Quality Durability
Always select weather-resistant canopy materials. Most canopies use polyester with UV protection and treated fabrics for waterproofing, as they are relatively easy to procure. If the latter is the case, aluminum or powder-coated steel frames provide sturdy support for a longer duration.
- Ease of Assembly
Canopies require various skill levels to assemble, so selection must go along with one’s capability. Some designs now almost always feature clear instructions, making them easy to put together. If you are looking for convenience, choose preassembled and pop-up canopies.
- Style and Design
While selecting a canopy, remember to choose one that complements the overall feel of the backyard. Options range from standard fabric canopies to sleek pergolas or rustic wooden frames. Whatever the choice, make sure it complements the rest of the outdoor decor.
- Options within the set budget.
Always set a target budget when tent shopping. To reduce price, minimize warranty options and compromise on durability, which is not optimal. Check other factors like canopies’ price range, features, and warranty options to extract the best value.
Considering these factors will help you choose the best outdoor canopy that meets your needs and further enhances the beauty and purpose of your backyard.
What are the benefits of a backyard canopy?
A backyard canopy opens up opportunities for functionality, including practical, aesthetic, and visual. Here are some highlighted advantages with regard to the most recent data that sheds light on:
- Provides Weather Protection
A backyard canopy also serves as shade from the sun, reducing exposure to harmful UV rays. According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, properly designed canopies block up to 98% of UV rays, greatly reducing skin damage or heat-related issues. In addition, canopies help shield from rain, allowing outdoor activities to persist without interruption during mild rain.
- Comfort in the Outdoors
Research proves that shaded places reduce outdoor temperatures by 10-15 degrees Fahrenheit in the hotter months, which helps to create better conditions for relaxing, dining, or even hosting guests. Canopies, therefore, serve as an excellent companion for making time outdoors more pleasant.
- Expanded Outdoor Living Areas
An excellently designed canopy helps convert a backyard into an additional living or dining area and increases the space of your home. This is especially useful for people who reside in smaller homes where the indoor usable regions is quite limited.
- Enhanced Visual Appeal
Canopies can be used to increase the aesthetic appeal of your yard due to their diverse designs, materials, and colors. Canopies serve as a centerpiece for the outdoor space and add elegance to the garden décor.
- Lower Energy Costs
Canopies block large amounts of sun heat and reduce the temperature within the windows and doors, making the home cooler. This increases energy efficiency and minimizes the cost of running air conditioning in the summer, leading to significant cooling cost savings.
- Suitable for Multiple Uses
Canopies are designed for outdoor activities, including family barbecues or reading alone outside. Portable and modular designs allow for easy adaptation to the user’s requirements.
- Low Maintenance Costs and High Durability
The use of rust-proof aluminum, UV-resistant fabrics, and strong steel frames makes modern canopies easy to maintain and extend their life, lowering long-term investment costs.
Integrating canopies into backyards increases their functionality while turning them into a peaceful and welcoming retreat.
What materials make a durable outdoor canopy?
Material | Durability | Weather Resistance | UV Protection | Weight | Notable Features |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Polyester | Moderate (2-3 yrs) | Water-resistant | Minimal | Very light | Affordable, portable, breathable |
PVC-Coated Polyester | Moderate (2-4 yrs) | Waterproof | Medium | Light | Affordable, good for rain |
Vinyl-Laminated Polyester | High (4-6 yrs) | Waterproof | Improved | Slightly heavy | Durable, economical, UV-resistant |
Polycarbonate | Very high (10+ yrs) | Waterproof | Excellent | Heavy | Extremely durable, blocks UV rays |
Canvas | High (5-15 yrs) | Waterproof | Excellent | Heavy | Heat reflective, long-lasting |
Polyethylene | Moderate (2-5 yrs) | Waterproof | Low | Moderate | Resists mildew, sound light diffusion |
How can you ensure your canopy is waterproof and weather-resistant?
Certain features and maintenance practices must be considered to guarantee that your canopy is water-resistant and can endure adverse weather conditions. Here are five main points to pay attention to:
- Pick Quality Fabric
Consider getting outdoor fabrics like polyester or vinyl with a waterproof finish. Choose water-resistant or waterproof materials, and ensure UV protective elements safeguard the fabric from sunlight.
- Invest in a Sturdy Frame
A sturdy frame made of rust-resistant powder-coated steel or aluminum guarantees the canopy’s ability to withstand wind and rain. Look for reinforced fastenings and joints for additional strength.
- Inspect Sealed Seams
When examining a waterproof canopy, look for heat or tape-sealed seams. These types of seams prevent water from entering the canopy. Inspect those seams before procurement and during maintenance checks to ensure they remain unbroken.
- Use Water-Repellent Spray
The protective layer against water on your canopy fabric will diminish over time. Periodic application of a water-repellent spray will restore its ability to resist rain and moisture and help keep the canopy dry and functional.
- Make Sure There’s a Proper Drainage Design
Shed—or dome-shaped canopies will enable water to run off properly. Moreover, there will not be any pooling of water that might damage the fabric or the frame. To prevent water buildup, the canopy should be set up in an angled position, even during light rainfall.
Step-by-Step Guide to Building a DIY Canopy

Materials Required
- Waterproof tarp or fabric
- Tarp canopies made from PVC pipe frames or pre-built canopies
- Rope and bungee cords
- Weights or stakes for securing tarp canopies
- Measuring tape and scissors
Guidelines
- Pick an Area
Ensure that the area chosen is stable and flat for setup. Verify that the location has enough clearance for the canopy’s intended size.
- Create The Frame
Create a canopy frame or use an already-made one. Cut PVC pipes into the required lengths and attach the corner joints to form a robust frame.
- Attach the Fabric
Place the tarp or waterproof fabric on the frame. For better assurance, the fabric should hang over the frame’s edges on all sides.
- Secure the Canopy
Fasten the frame using rope or bungee cords to tether the canopy’s base. Pull them to prevent excess movement and slumping.
- Anchor the Canopy
With weights, set the canopy under the deployed strips of rope. Drive stakes into the earth at every edge of the canopy, then fasten the ropes.
- Stability Test
Determine if the canopy is stiff and secured adequately for bad weather. Make alterations to the connectors, ropes, or anchors for advanced stabilization.
Following this guide allows for constructing a reliable DIY canopy for outdoors.
What tools are needed for a diy backyard canopy?
Tool | Purpose |
---|---|
PVC Pipes | Frame structure for the canopy |
Rebar Posts | Anchoring the frame to the ground |
Rope or Bungee Cords | Securing the canopy fabric |
Tarp or Fabric | Provides shade and cover |
Hammer | Driving stakes into the ground |
Drill | Creating holes for assembly |
Saw | Cutting materials to size |
Measuring Tape | Ensuring accurate dimensions |
Ladder | Reaching higher assembly points |
Safety Goggles | Protecting eyes during work |
How to construct a canopy frame using pvc pipe and timber?
When preparing a canopy frame made of timber and PVC pipe, I measure the canopy’s height and width to cut the PVC pipes to the appropriate size for the vertical posts and crossbars. The next step is to form the rectangular shape of the frame. To do this, I joined the different poles of the PVC pipes using the supplied T-joints and elbow connectors. For additional strength, I use timber beams and drill them into the base of the PVC frame. Lastly, I erect the frame with stakes or weights while ensuring it is straight before attaching the canopy fabric.
How do you securely attach a tarp with grommets?
Grab durable rope carried tightly around the grommets and tied to the canopy frame to secure a tarp with grommets cinematically, ensuring uniform tension on all sides to prevent sagging or tearing.
Creating Shade and Backyard Shade with a DIY Outdoor Canopy

To construct a homemade outdoor canopy, remember to include a solid frame to protect it from the wind. Therefore, treating wood, metal poles, or PVC pipes is an ideal choice. As for the fabric, procure a strong weatherproof material like Canvas, nylon, or polyester with UV protection, which also guarantees a long life span when used outside. Reinforced edges and grommets are also essential to ensure the fabric does not detach from the frame due to strong winds.
What are the best shade sail options for a backyard canopy?
Shade Sail Name | Key Features | Best For | Price Range |
---|---|---|---|
ColourTree Reinforced | Durable, UV-blocking, multiple sizes | Overall performance | High |
ColourTree Waterproof | Waterproof, UV-blocking, 7 colors | Rain and sun protection | Moderate |
Artpuch Shade Sail | Affordable, UV-blocking, 11 colors | Budget-friendly option | Low |
Coolaroo Triangle | Portable, easy setup, UV-blocking | Temporary or portable use | Low |
Patio Paradise Triangle | Compact, tear-resistant, 42 sizes | Small spaces or corners | Moderate |
Quictent Oversized Square | Extensive coverage, UV-blocking, sturdy | Large areas like pools | High |
SUNNY GUARD Rectangle | 95% UV block, durable, custom sizes | Versatile backyard use | Moderate |
LOVE STORY Rectangle | UV-blocking, custom sizes, durable | Stylish and functional | Moderate |
How do you position your canopy for optimal shade?
Key Point | Description |
---|---|
Consider Sun Path | Analyze the sun’s movement during the day. |
Seasonal Adjustments | Account for seasonal sun angle changes. |
Tilt for Drainage | Tilt the canopy 25% for water runoff. |
Anchor Points | Use sturdy walls, poles, or trees. |
High and Low Points | Alternate heights for better tension. |
Avoid Triangular Shapes | Use 4+ sides for better coverage. |
Increase Footprint | Extend shade to the east and northeast. |
Use Solar Study | Plan shade based on detailed sun data. |
Can mosquito netting be used with a DIY outdoor rain canopy?
Indeed, mosquito netting can fit with a DIY outdoor rain canopy if positioned and appropriately stitched. A rain canopy alongside mosquito netting forms a functional space protected from the elements while keeping insects at bay. Consider the following five points when combining mosquito netting with a rain canopy:
- Material Compatibility
Ensure the fabric mosquito netting is lightweight, breathable, and water-resistant. Polyester netting is a common choice among the various options due to its strength and resistance to rot in the great outdoors.
- Netting Attachment
For instance, add fastening points along the edges of the canopy for hooks, Velcro strips, or snap attachments. This makes the installation and removal of the netting as simple as possible.
- Area Coverage and Dimension
Purchase pieces of mosquito netting that can cover the whole area beneath the canopy. The edges should be overlapped slightly to seal gaps and prevent creepy crawlies from entering.
- Optional Purpose Usage
Buy netting with zippers and openings so access can be gained without removing the netting completely. Some versions even have rain flaps built in for extra weather protection.
- Maintenance Convenience
Choose a net that is easy to maintain. Many netting is machine washable and easy to dry, which is best for outdoor purposes.
Following these steps, you can effectively integrate mosquito netting into your outdoor umbrella rain canopy DIY project and enjoy an inviting outdoor living space.
Innovative Canopy Ideas for Your Patio and Garden

- Retractable Canopies
To manage various outdoor conditions, retractable canopy systems provide shade when required and sunlight when opened. This makes these canopies remarkably flexible and responsive to changing weather conditions.
- Pergola with Fabric Covering
A pergola covered with durable fabric is stylishly elegant for patio or garden areas and offers good shade options and protection from weather elements.
- Sail Shades
Sail shades fit the criteria for modern and economical shading solutions. Arranged in overlapping layers, triangular or rectangular fabric pieces provide shaded areas while adding visual appeal.
- Portable Pop-Up Canopies
Pop-up canopies are temporary solutions that are easy to transport and quickly set up. These lightweight items provide instant shade, making events and gatherings simpler.
- Natural Canopy with Climbing Plants
Enhance the decor of your outdoor space by growing climbing plants like ivy and wisteria on trellises or pergolas, creating a living, eco-friendly canopy.
Feel free to experiment with all of these ideas to customize your garden or patio canopy in a way that best suits your needs for aesthetics and functionality.
What are some creative canopy diy ideas for small spaces?
Idea | Key Features |
---|---|
Canvas Cloth Canopy | Wall-mounted, budget-friendly, customizable colors. |
Tarp Canopy | Temporary, uses PVC pipes and ropes. |
Fairy Light Canopy | Adds ambiance with string lights. |
Mosquito Net Canopy | Protects from bugs, lightweight fabric. |
Backyard Canopy Bed | Combines lounging and shade. |
Wall-Mounted Canopy | Saves space, elegant and functional. |
Corner Fabric Canopy | Ceiling hook-mounted, cozy for kids. |
Tropical Canopy | Beach-themed, uses vibrant decor. |
How to Incorporate a Pergola or Gazebo with Your Canopy?
Adding a pergola or gazebo to your canopy can increase the usefulness and aesthetic of your outdoor area. Recent research and trends suggest this form of outdoor design has gained attention, as indicated by the 30% increase in people searching for “modern pergola ideas” in 2023. Here is an effective way to accomplish this blend:
- Layered design with fabric canopies
Consider using a pergola or gazebo frame to support a fabric canopy. Suitable materials include UV-resistant polyester or waterproof tarpaulins. For instance, pergolas with retractable canopies are very easy to use, as you can change the shading whenever you want.
- Lighting Enhancements
String lights, lanterns, or LEDs can also be added under the pergola or gazebo canopy for lighting purposes. Homeowners have boosted the outdoor ambiance of their backyards by 25%, leading to increased outdoor lighting installation.
- Greener integration
Combine your pergola with climbing plants like jasmine or bougainvillea for a living canopy effect. Biophilic design is estimated to increase property value by up to 15% while also improving mental well-being.
- Resistant To Weather Conditions
Use robust materials like powder-coated aluminum or treated wood for the pergola or gazebo structures, ensuring long life—crown with weatherproof fabrics of canopy and polycarbonate roofing panels to further shield against rain and wind.
- Additions To Space Increasing Functionality
With the addition of furniture, outdoor kitchens, or even heating devices, it becomes possible to transform your area beneath the canopy structure into a multifunctional one. Reports show that outdoor entertainment areas have seen a surge in demand by 35%, indicating their increasing popularity.
With these steps and trends, a pergola or gazebo can be elegantly designed with a canopy, turning it into a centerpiece and achieving comfort and practicality for the outdoor space.
What are the latest trends in canopy ideas?
- Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Materials
Regarding environmental issues, attention has been captured on eco-friendly canopy materials such as bamboo, recycled wood, and fabrics with lower ecological footprints. Furthermore, according to research, sustainable outdoor solutions are gaining 40% popularity.
- Smart Canopy Systems
The integration of technology into outdoor spaces is on the rise. SEO: Further from Smart Canopies System, automated retractable roofs paired with lighting systems and incorporated rain sensors are growing in popularity. 30% of homeowners are reported to be interested in adopting innovative features in their properties.
- Biophilic Design
Canopy systems could incorporate green walls, vertical gardens, and flowers. This suggestable and attainable proposal, also known as Biophilic design, aims to reconnect us with nature, enliven the outdoor space, and enhance it.
- Multi-Functional Canopies
Canopies are highly popular because they intend to serve multiple purposes. Designed with dining areas, sofas, or even an outdoor kitchen, all sheltered beneath one roof, they could form complete outdoor multifunctional spaces. According to reports, 45% of modern house purchasers prioritize these spaces.
- Bold Canopy Design Trends
Homeowners shifting from neutral shades now opt for vibrant reds, deep blues, and patterns for bold canopy designs that enhance their outdoor spaces. This can add energy and improve the space’s appeal and aesthetics.
Ensuring Your DIY Backyard Canopy is Durable and Weather-Resistant

For proper DIY backyard canopy construction that withstands the test of time, adhere to the following tips.
- Use Reliable Resources
Employ water-resistant and UV-resistant fabrics such as polyester and acrylic. For the supporting frame, use aluminum or treated steel, as these materials do not rust.
- Use Proper Stabilization Techniques
Heavy-duty weights can be applied as anchors to keep the canopy from being blown away in strong winds. Regularly check the tighter connections for signs of wear and tear.
- Apply Chemical Treatments
Apply waterproof sprays and sealants to increase the fabric surfaces’ resistance to water. Follow the product manufacturer’s instructions regarding how often the treatments need to be reapplied.
- Routine Check-ups and Fixes
Create a schedule to check the fabric for torn pieces and the frame for chrome rust. If addressed quickly, these issues can prolong the structure’s life.
The above instructions will give you a protective canopy that adds appeal and elegance to your space while tolerating harsh weather conditions.
How do you maintain and clean your outdoor canopy?
Key Point | Description |
---|---|
Remove Loose Debris | Brush off leaves, dirt, and cobwebs. |
Use Gentle Soap | Clean with mild soap and warm water. |
Avoid Harsh Chemicals | Do not use bleach or abrasive cleaners. |
Rinse Thoroughly | Hose down to remove all soap residue. |
Dry Completely | Air-dry to prevent mold and mildew. |
Inspect for Damage | Check for tears, rust, or loose parts. |
Store Properly | Keep in a cool, dry place when unused. |
Seasonal Cleaning | Clean more often in autumn and winter. |
Prevent Water Pooling | Ensure the canopy is taut to avoid sagging. |
Remove Snow/Ice | Clear snow to prevent fabric damage. |
What are the best durable fabric options for long-lasting use?
When selecting the fabric for an outdoor canopy that will last long, one should consider its weather resistance, maintenance, and strength. Take a look at these fabric options:
- Acrylic Fabric
Acrylic fabric’s exceptional UV resistance and water-repellent properties make it a popular choice among consumers. Additionally, the solution-dyed method of coloring the fabric ensures everlasting vibrancy even when exposed to the sun. New acrylic fabrics can last up to 10 years with proper care, making them a popular choice for durability. They also offer products tailored to outdoor needs.
- Polyester with PVC Coating
This polyester fabric and PVC-coated solution offer enhanced waterproofing along with superior mildew and abrasion resistance, making it an exceptional choice for canopies. This fabric is used in commercial-grade canopies due to its low cost, durability, and easy cleaning process. Recent data shows that a high-quality polyester canopy with PVC coating can last 5-7 years in harsh weather conditions.
- Olefin Fabric
Made from polypropylene fibers, olefin is an environmentally friendly and durable fabric. Its lightweight, quick drying, and stain-resistant properties make it perfect for use on offshore apparel and equipment. In addition, this fabric has a very high resistance to UV rays, allowing it to maintain its structural integrity over time. Studies suggest that olefin fabric can sustain outdoor wear and tear for nearly eight years while retaining its appearance.
- Vinyl-Coated Canvas
Vinyl-coated canvas blends natural fibers and a synthetic coating that enhances its strength. This fabric is also waterproof and UV resistant, allowing it to withstand heavy rain or snow. Because of its strength, it is often used in extreme environments and can endure diverse climates for over six years.
- High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
HDPE fabrics are made from strong synthetic plastic fibers woven into a thin sheet. These fabrics are lightweight and breathable, making them ideal for shade structures. However, they are also very durable and resistant to tearing and UV degradation. Recent reports claim that HDPE can endure sustained outdoor exposure for over eight years and remain fully intact.
To maintain the fabric of your outdoor canopy, always consider the local climate, intended use, and maintenance care. By spending more on quality materials, you are assured of long-lasting protection. The structure itself, as well as the aesthetics of the Surrounding space, will significantly increase.
How can you reinforce your canopy against strong winds and rain?
The canopy can be reinforced against strong winds and rain by following these pivotal steps to ensure its structural integrity and longevity:
- Wind Anchor Points and Weighting: The anchor points for securing your canopy are robust. Use sturdy stakes or anchor kits suitable for the size of your canopy. Furthermore, sandbags or water weights can be used on the legs in high-wind areas for additional support. As per best practices informed by outdoor precautionary measures, using a minimum of 40 pounds for each leg in windy conditions is recommended.
- Aerodynamic Resistance: Look for vented tops or other shapes on canopies that are more aerodynamic. These features offer deflection from winds, helping alleviate canopy lift. A vented roof design can reduce the structural damage caused by wind gusts by approximately 30%.
- Reinforced Frames: Verify that the canopy frame is constructed from vented roof designs proven to lower the risk of structural damage and strengthened materials such as powder-coated steel or reinforced aluminum. These options resist corrosion and are significantly more durable than others. For instance, standard weather-resistant constructions should use at least 1.5 mm-thick steel frames.
- Maintain Correct Fabric Tension: Ensure the canopy’s fabric is tight to prevent water pooling during heavy rain. Water pooling may lead to sagging, which could cause extreme structural collapse. If the fabric is adequately tensioned and inspected frequently, the lifespan of the canopy will increase, reducing excess strain. Most modern canopies utilize adjustable tensioners, easing the process of tightening fabric.
- Installing removable wind panels or sidewalls for additional shelter is now an option. These can block strong wind or heavy rain from reaching the inside area. Side panels of weather-resistant polyester or PVC protect and add to the shelter.
- Constantly monitoring the weather by checking weather forecasts on apps or online services helps prepare for sudden changes. In case of a pending storm or high winds, it’s best to lower the canopy or dismantle it thoroughly to avoid damage.
Taking these precautions allows the canopy to withstand extreme weather better. Constant maintenance and timely adaptations ensure the structure remains secure and portable.
References
- Rain Gardens: Managing Water Sustainably in the Garden and Designed Landscape
Link to PDF on Academia.edu - Grounds for Sharing: A Guide to Developing Special School Sites
ERIC – Education Resources Information Center - Incorporating Environmental Sustainability Into Transit-Oriented Development on Detroit Light Rail Transit System
National Transportation Library (NTL)
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q: What are the essential materials needed to make a patio canopy?
A: To make a patio canopy, you’ll need a few essential materials such as poles, waterproof fabric, nylon ropes, and connectors. For UV protection and durability, you can choose between different types of fabrics, like polyester or Sunbrella. Additionally, stainless steel hardware and a drill may be required to assemble and secure the canopy structure.
Q: How can I ensure my DIY garden canopy is sturdy and durable?
A: Use heavy-duty materials such as wood posts or stainless steel poles to ensure your DIY garden canopy is sturdy and durable. Ensure all connections are secure using reliable connectors and caps. It’s also important to use waterproof fabric or Sunbrella, which are designed for outdoor use, to withstand sun and rain.
Q: What are some tips for creating a canopy for a patio that can withstand windy conditions?
A: To create a patio canopy that can withstand windy conditions, consider using heavy-duty poles and securing the structure with additional rope or cord. Anchoring the canopy to the ground with sturdy stakes or weights can also provide extra stability, and using a breathable yet durable fabric like Sunbrella can help reduce wind resistance.
Q: What is the best fabric for a water-resistant patio diy project?
A: The best fabric for a water-resistant patio DIY project is typically waterproof fabric such as polyester or Sunbrella. These materials are specifically designed for outdoor use, providing excellent protection against water and offering UV resistance.
Q: How can I incorporate curtains into my backyard patio canopy design?
A: Incorporating curtains into your backyard patio canopy design can enhance aesthetics and functionality. Use curtain rods or ropes to hang curtains made from weather-resistant materials. Velcro can secure the curtains when closed, providing shade and privacy.
Q: Can I use a pop-up canopy as a permanent backyard patio solution?
A: While a pop-up canopy is convenient for temporary or occasional outdoor use, it may not be suitable as a permanent backyard patio solution. For a long-lasting setup, consider building a more robust structure using pergolas or a garden canopy made of durable materials like cedar or spruce wood.
Q: What are the benefits of using a breathable fabric for a sunshade?
A: Using a breathable fabric for a sunshade offers several benefits. It allows for better air circulation, keeping the sitting area cooler. Breathable fabrics like those made from nylon or specific types of polyester also reduce the risk of mold and mildew, making them ideal for outdoor use.
Q: How do I install an awning over my patio to improve shade?
A: To improve shade on your patio, install an awning. Measure the area and purchase an appropriately sized awning. Use a drill to create the necessary holes in the wall or support structure. Securely attach the awning using stainless steel hardware and follow the manufacturer’s instructions for proper installation.
Q: What are the connectors’ roles in a DIY outdoor canopy project?
A: In a DIY outdoor canopy project, connectors play a crucial role in joining various components of the canopy structure, such as poles and crossbars. They ensure a stable and secure connection, contributing to the overall durability and safety of the canopy. Connectors made from stainless steel or heavy-duty plastic are recommended for outdoor use.